2014年職稱英語真題理工類a級(jí)試題
第1部分：詞匯選項(xiàng)(第1～15題，每題1分，共15分)
下面每個(gè)句子中均有1個(gè)詞或者短語劃有底橫線，請(qǐng)為每處劃線部分確定1個(gè)意義最為接近的選項(xiàng)。
1.Her comments about men are utterly ridiculous.
A.slightly B.partly C.faintly D.completely
2.We almost ran into a Rolls-Royce that pulled out in front of US without signaling.
A.overtook B.passed C.found D.hit
3.He has been granted asylum in France.
A.power B.relief C.protection D.license
4.When I heard the noise in the next room，I couldn’t resist having a peep.
A.chanee B.visit C.try D.look
5.The weather was crisp and clear and you could see the mountains fifty miles away.
A.hot B.fresh C.heavy D.windy
6.He was weary of the constant battle between them.
A.fond B.proud C.afraid D.tired
7.Our aim was to update the health service，and we succeeded.
A.modernize B.offer C.provide D.fund
8.New born babies can discriminate between a man’s and a woman’S voice.
A.distinguish B.treat C.express D.analyze
9.Every week the magazine presents the profile.of a well—known sports personality.
A.description B.Success C.evidence D.plan
10.Nothing would induce me to vote for him again.
A.teach B.help C.attract D.discourage
11.He shifted his position a little in order to alleviate the pain in his leg.
A.control B.ease C.experience D.suffer
12.The photographs evoked strong memories of our holiday in France.
A.stored B.blocked C.refreshed D.erased
13.She moves from one exotic location to another.
A.familiar B.unusual C.similar D.proper
14.The walls are made of hollow concrete blocks.
A.empty B.big C.long D.new
15.All the flats in the building had the same layout.
A.color B.arrangement C.size D.function
第2部分：閱讀判斷(第16～22題，每題1分，共7分)
下面的短文后列出了7個(gè)句子，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對(duì)每個(gè)句子做出判斷;如果該句提供的是正確信息，請(qǐng)選擇A;如果該句提供的是錯(cuò)誤信息，請(qǐng)選擇B;如果該句的信息文中沒有提及，請(qǐng)選擇C。
A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mention
17.The strange ice patterns on Europa are formed as a result of an umlerground water pool.
A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mention
18.Europa is the most recently discovered one among Jupiter’s moons.
A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mention
19.The size of Europa is a bit larger than that of Earth’s moon.
A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mention
20.Schmidt and her colleagues are the first group of scientists studying Europa.
A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mention
21.The formations on Europa’s surface are rather unique in the universe.
A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mention
22.The existence of liquid water is a necessity for a life—support environment.
A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mention
第3部分：概括大意和完成句子(第23～30題，每題1分，共8分)
下面的短文后有2項(xiàng)測試任務(wù)：(1)第23～26題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為指定段落每段選擇1個(gè)小標(biāo)題;(2)第27～30題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為每個(gè)句子確定一個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。
23.Paragraph 2__________________.
24.Paragraph 3__________________.
25.Paragraph 4__________________.
26.Paragraph 5__________________.
27.Noble gases are not very chemically____________.
28.Anlong the elements of noble gases Helium is the__________.
29.The required number of electrons in noble gases outer shell is____________.
30.MRI may make operating on the patient_____________.
第4部分：閱讀理解(第31～45題，每題3分，共45分)
下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題。請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，為每題確定1個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。
31.Who was Jigme Singye Wangehuek?
A.A president.
B.A Buddhist priest.
C.A king.
D.A general.
32.Apart from modernizing Bhutan，what else did Wang chuck want to do for Bhutan? A.To make its population grow.
B.To keep it separate from the world.
C.To keep its traditions and customs.
D.To encourage its people to get rich.
33.A country shows its progress with GNP by__________.
A.selling more products
B.spending more money
C.spending less money
D.providing more jobs
34.According to GNH，people are happier if they__________.
A.have new technology
B.have a good，stable government
C.can change their religion
D.have more money
35.Today many countries are__________.
A.using the principles of GNH to measure their progress
B.working together to develop a common scale to measure GNH
C.taking both Bhutan and Brazil as symbols for social progress
D.trying to find their own ways to measure happiness
36.What have researchers been able to do with the help of the study?
A.Discover a person’s learning process in the brain.
B.Make a person know how to do something without learning.
C.Set up different learning patterns for different people.
D.Enable people to learn kung fu instantly.
37.What helps a person to do a particular task better in visual perceptual learning?
A.Testing.
B.Encouragement.
C.Self—assessment.
D.Repetition.
38.Which of the following statements is true of the experiment participants?
A.They learned how to control MRL machines in the experiment.
B.They were not told what to be learned in the experiment.
C.They were paid to take part in the experiment.
D.They were not cooperative in the experiment.
39.The finding of the study is most significant in that learning__________.
A.is full of fun
B.is visualized
C.happens unconsciously
D.becomes unnecessary
40.Who are most likely to benefit from the study?
A.Teenagers.
B.Musicians.
C.Senior people.
D.Athletes.
41.What is so special about WISE?
A.It is as small as a trashcan.
B.It is small in size but carries a large camera.
C.Its digital camera can help astronomers to see the unknown space.
D.Never before has a telescope carried a digital camera in space.
42.The camera on WISE ___________ .
A.is equipped with expensive computers
B.produces images of objects giving off infrared radiation
C.reflects light visible to the human eyes
D.is similar to an ordinary digital camera
43.It is true that infrared radiation ___________.
A.is not detectable to humans
B.looks brighter than visible light
C.is visible light reflected off an obj ect
D.has longer waves than those of visible light
44.Which of the following statements about asteroids is NOT true?
A.The WISE telescope can catch and take pictures of them.
B.They do not reflect light that reaches them.
C.They float through space giving off visible light.
D.They are invisible to ordinary cameras.
45.It can be in{erred from the last paragraph that brown dwarfs ___________ .
A.give off infrared radiation
B.are power stars like the sun
C.become massive and active
D.are invisible to the WISE telescope
第5部分：補(bǔ)全短文(第46～50題，每題2分，共10分)
下面的短文有5處空白，短文后有6個(gè)句子，其中5個(gè)取自短文，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容將其分別放回原有位置，以恢復(fù)文章面貌。
A.Scholars differ in interpreting the purpose of the designs.
B.The largest picture may have been the sites for special ceremonies.
C.He called Nazca“the largest astronomy book in the world”
D.A Swiss writer named Erich von Daniken wrote that the Nazca lines were designed as a landing place for UFOs.
E.Other scientists are now searching for evidence to prove this.
F.Seen from the ground，it looks like lines scratched into the earth.
第6部分：完形填空(第52～65題，每題1分，共15分)
下面的短文有15處空白，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容為每處空白確定1個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。
51.A.disc B.fiber C.instrument D.battery
52.A.applications B.components C.resotirces D.differences
53.A.concerned B.ignored C.cxpccted D.noticed
54.A.conduct B.produce C.use D.consume
55.A.reactive B.preferable C.due D.equivalent
56.A.1ight B.electricity C.chemical D.gas
57.A.plant B.source C.equipment D.1ine
58.A.up B.down C.apart D.together
59.A.this B.those C.that D.these
60.A.material B.device C.detector D.meter
61.A.bright B.faint C.visible D.intense
62.A.more B.as C.much D.such
63.A.skill B.technology C.miracle D.prototype
64.A.extensive B.interactive C.selective D.intensive
65.A.all B.some C.others D.both
參考答案：
第1部分：詞匯選項(xiàng)
D【解析】題意：她關(guān)于男人的評(píng)論真是一派胡言。
句子中utterly的意思是完全地.徹底地。
A中slightly的意思是輕微的;例句：My interest in music has languished slightly.我對(duì)音樂的興趣有點(diǎn)減退。
B中partly的意思是部分地，不完全地;例句：The transformation is partly due to demographics.
這一變化一定程度上是源于人口的變化。
C中faintly的意思是微弱地，隱約地;例句：One can faintly discern the flavom of lemon.可以隱約覺得有一點(diǎn)檸檬味。
D中comPletely的意思是完整地，徹底地;例句：I understand completely.我完全明白。故選D。
2.D【解析】題意：我們差點(diǎn)撞上前面一輛沒有打信號(hào)燈的勞斯萊斯。
句子中run into的意思是碰撞。
A中overtook的意思是追上，趕上;例句：A car overtook me although I was going very fast.我雖然開得很快，還是被一輛汽車超過了。
B中passed的意思是通過，傳遞;例句：The bill passed and became law.議案通過后成了法律。
C中found的意思是發(fā)現(xiàn);例句：We have found oil under the North Sea.我們?cè)诒焙０l(fā)現(xiàn)了石油。
D中hit的意思是打擊，碰撞;例句：She hits at him.她朝他打去。故選D。
3.C【解析】題意：他被允許在法國避難。
句子中asylum的意思是庇護(hù)，政治避難。
A中power的意思是動(dòng)力，力量，政權(quán);例句：A man should rely upon his own power.人應(yīng)該依靠自身的力量。
B中relief的意思是寬慰，免除，救援物資;例句：Relief was quie.kly sent to the sufferers from the great fire.救濟(jì)品很快被送到遭受火災(zāi)的災(zāi)民手中。
C中protection的意思是保護(hù);例句：He’s devoted his whole life to the protection of the rare anl—mals.他終生獻(xiàn)身于保護(hù)珍稀動(dòng)物。
D中l(wèi)icense的意思是許可證，執(zhí)照。例句：His license was suspended for six months.他的執(zhí)照被吊銷6個(gè)月。故選C。
4.D【解析】題意：當(dāng)我聽到隔壁的響聲的時(shí)候，忍不住要偷看幾眼。
句子中peep的意思是窺視，偷看。
A中chance的意思是機(jī)會(huì)，機(jī)遇;例句：Please give me a chance to explain.請(qǐng)給我個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)讓我解釋一下。
B中visit的意思是訪問，探望;例句：News of the Queen’s visit set the whole town astir.女王到訪的消息轟動(dòng)全城。
C中try的意思是嘗試，試驗(yàn)，努力;例句：It’s worth a try.這值得一試。
D中l(wèi)ook的意思是看，瞧;例句：Let’S have a look at your electronic computer.讓我們瞧一瞧你們的電子計(jì)算機(jī)。故選D。
5.B【解析】題意：空氣清新，50里以外的山巒都能看到。
句子中crisp的意思是新鮮的。
A中hot的意思是熱的，辣的;例句：This dish is a bit hot.這道菜有些辣。
B中fresh的意思是新鮮的，新的;例句：open the window and let in some fresh air.打開窗戶，讓新鮮的空氣進(jìn)來。
C中heavy的意思是重的;例句：The lead is heavy and the plastic is light.鉛是重的，而塑料是輕的。
D中windy的意思是有風(fēng)的;例句：Hold on to the hat on a windy day.在有風(fēng)的日子里請(qǐng)緊緊抓住帽子。故選B。
6.D【解析】題意：他厭倦了他們之間沒完沒了的斗爭。
句子中be weary of的意思是厭倦的。
A中be fond of的意思是喜歡;例句：He was fond of celery.他喜歡吃芹菜。
B中be proud of的意思是感到自豪;例句：He was proud of what he had done.他因自己所作的事感到自豪。
C中be afraid of的意思是感到害怕;例句：She lives in mortal terror of her husband’s anger.她極度害怕她丈夫發(fā)脾氣。
D中be tired of的意思是討厭，厭倦;例句：He was tired of running errands for his sister.他已厭煩給姐姐當(dāng)跑腿了。故選B。
7.A【解析】題意：我們的目標(biāo)是更新健康設(shè)備，我們做到了。
句子中update的意思是更新。
A中modernize的意思是使現(xiàn)代化;例句：They have failed to modernize their factories.他們沒能使他們的工廠現(xiàn)代化。
B中offer的意思是提供，給予;例句：We offer a free backup service to customers.對(duì)顧客我們提供免費(fèi)配套服務(wù)。
C中provide的意思是提供，供給;例句：Sheep provide US with w001.羊供給我們羊毛。
D中fund的意思是提供資金;例句：I regret to say we cannot see our way clear to fund the pro—ject.我很抱歉，我們無意為此項(xiàng)工程提供資金。故選A。
8.A【解析】題意：新生兒能區(qū)分男人和女人的聲音。
句子中discriminate的意思是區(qū)別，辨出。
A中distinguish的意思是區(qū)分，辨別;例句：Speeches distinguish human beings from animals.人類和動(dòng)物的區(qū)別在于人會(huì)說話。
B中treat的意思是款待，招待，對(duì)待;例句：Do not treat a naughty child rough.不要粗暴地對(duì)待頑皮的孩子。
C中express的意思是表達(dá)，快遞;例句：He is still unable to express himself in English.他仍然不能用英語表達(dá)自己的意思。
D中analyze的意思是分析，解釋;例句：Can you analyze the structure of the sentence for me?你能給我分析一下這個(gè)句子的結(jié)構(gòu)嗎?故選A。
9.A【解析】題意：每周雜志都會(huì)刊登一名體育明星的個(gè)人簡介。
句子中profile的意思是個(gè)人簡介。
A中description的意思是描述，形容;例句：The scenery is beautiful beyond descriptions.那風(fēng)景美麗得難以形容。
B中success的意思是成功，成就;例句：The school has only been open for six months，So it’s hard to evaluate its success.該學(xué)校僅開辦了六個(gè)月，現(xiàn)在還很難估計(jì)它的成就。
C中evidence的意思是證詞，證據(jù);例句：Evidence weighted against the defendant.證詞很不利于被告。
D中plan的意思是計(jì)劃;打算，平面圖;例句：Her plan is merely a castle in the sky.她的方案簡直是天方夜譚。故選A。
10.C【解析】題意：什么也不能引誘我再給他投一次票了。
句子中induce的意思是引誘。
A中teach的意思是教，訓(xùn)練;例句：I taught her to ride a bicycle.我教她騎自行車。
B中help的意思是幫助;例句：Your advice helped me a lot.你的意見對(duì)我大有幫助。
C中attract的意思是吸引，誘惑;例句：The government is trying tO attract more investment into the shipbuilding industry.政府正在試圖吸引更多資金投資到造船業(yè)方面來。
D中discourage的意思是使氣餒，使沮喪;例句：He is easily discouraged by difficulties and obsta—cles.他遇到困難和阻礙就容易泄氣。故選C。
11.B【解析】題意：他稍微換了個(gè)姿勢，以減輕腿部的疼痛。
句子中alleviate的意思是減輕，緩和。
A中control的意思是控制，管理;例句：He has little control over his emotions.他控制不住自己的感情。
B中ease的意思是緩解，減少;例句：The pain began to ease up after she was given a sedative.給她吃了一片鎮(zhèn)痛藥后，她的疼痛開始減輕。
C中experience的意思是經(jīng)驗(yàn)，體驗(yàn);例句：You didn’t experience that，So you don’t know where the shoe piaches.你沒有親身經(jīng)歷過，所以你不知道困難在什么地方。
D中suffer的意思是受痛苦;例句：I won’t stand by and let him suffer like this.我不會(huì)袖手旁觀，讓他這樣受苦。故選B。
12.C【解析】題意：這些照片勾起了我們對(duì)法國度假的強(qiáng)烈回憶。
句子中evoked的意思是引起，喚起。
A中stored的意思是儲(chǔ)存;例句：The barn can store five tons of grain.這個(gè)谷倉能放五噸糧食。
B中blocked的意思是堵塞，阻礙;例句：Hundreds of policemen were summoning up to block the main roads.幾百名警察集合起來，阻住了主干道。
C中refreshed的意思是使恢復(fù)，使振作;例句：Please refresh my memory as to where we have met before.請(qǐng)?zhí)崾疽幌�，以前我們�(cè)谑裁吹胤揭娺^。
D中erased的意思是擦掉，抹去;例句：She couldn’t erase the incident from memory.她難以忘記那次事件。故選C。
13.B【解析】題意：她在異國他鄉(xiāng)輾轉(zhuǎn)。
句子中exotic的意思是異國的，奇異的。
A中familiar的意思是熟悉的;例句：I am not really familiar with the locallaWS.實(shí)際上我對(duì)當(dāng)?shù)氐姆刹⒉皇臁?/p>
B中unusual的意思是不常見的，獨(dú)特的;例句：I look on the matter as most unusual.我認(rèn)為這件事極不尋常。
C中similar的意思是類似的;例句：The two buildings are similar on the whole.從整體來看，這兩幢樓是相似的。
D中proper的意思是適當(dāng)?shù)?例句：He could not come up with a proper answer.他想不出一個(gè)合適的回答。故選B。
14.A【解析】題意：這面墻是空心磚搭建的。
句子中hollow的意思是空的，空洞的。
A中empty的意思是空的;例句：The old empty house soon went to rack and ruin.這所舊的空房子很快就毀壞了。
B中big的意思是大的;例句：New York is a big commercial city.紐約是一座大的商業(yè)城市。
C中l(wèi)ong的意思是長的;例句：She was slender and had long dark hair.她身材苗條，有一頭長長的黑發(fā)。
D中new的意思是新的;例句：They sell new and used furniture.他們出售新舊家具。故選A。
15.B【解析】題意：這個(gè)建筑物的套間布局都完全相同。
句子中l(wèi)ayout的意思是布局，布置。
A中color的意思是顏色，色彩;例句：This is a sort of indeterminate color.這是一種說不清的顏色。
B中arrangement的意思是安排，布局;例句：The arrangement of the furniture formed a pleasing ensemble.這些家具擺放得悅目而和諧。
C中size的意思是大小，尺寸;例句：The size of the apples varied.那些蘋果大小不同。
D中funclion的意思是功能，作用;例句：What is his function on the committee?他在委員會(huì)里擔(dān)任什么職務(wù)?故選B。
第2部分：閱讀判斷
16.A【解析】題意：據(jù)估計(jì)木衛(wèi)二的地下水池的蓄水量與北美五大湖一樣多。
根據(jù)文章第二段最后一句concluded that the forma‘tions mark the top of an underground pool that holds as much water as the U.S.Great Lakes，可知題干表述正確。故選A。
17.B【解析】題意：木衛(wèi)二獨(dú)特冰層是由于地下水池的而產(chǎn)生的。
根據(jù)第三段最后一句The new study suggests that they arise from the mixing of vast underground stores of liquid water with icy material near the surface和第六段最后一、二句that as water and ice of different temperatures mingle and shift，the surface fractures.This would explain the jumbled ice sculptures可得知木衛(wèi)二獨(dú)特冰層的產(chǎn)生可能是因?yàn)椴煌瑴囟鹊乃捅旌掀饋碓斐傻模灶}干說法有誤。故選B。
18.C【解析】題意：木衛(wèi)二作為木星的衛(wèi)星是最近發(fā)現(xiàn)的。
文章第一段第一句Europa，one of Jupiter’s 63 known moons中只提及木衛(wèi)二是木星63顆衛(wèi)星之一，并沒有說木衛(wèi)二是最近發(fā)現(xiàn)的。故選C。
19.B【解析】題意：木衛(wèi)二比月球大一點(diǎn)。
根據(jù)文章第三段第一句Europa，which is slightly smaller than Earth’s moon表明木衛(wèi)二比月球稍小。所以題干說法錯(cuò)誤的。故選B。
20.B【解析】題意：施密特與她的同事是最早對(duì)木衛(wèi)二展開研究的科學(xué)家小組。
從第三段倒數(shù)第二句For more than 10 years，scientists have wondered what causes the forma—tions我們可以得知，十多年前已經(jīng)有科學(xué)家對(duì)木衛(wèi)二進(jìn)行研究了，所以題干說法錯(cuò)誤的。故選B。
21.B【解析】題意：木衛(wèi)二的地貌在宇宙中是非常獨(dú)特的。
從第六段第二到五句they searched for similar formations here on Earth.They studied collapsed ice shelves in Antarctica and icy caps on volcanoes in Iceland…scientists now suspect something similar might be happening on Europa可知南極冰架和冰島火山冰蓋也存在著相似的結(jié)構(gòu)，所以木衛(wèi)二的地貌并不是獨(dú)一無二的。故選B。
22.A【解析】題意：存在液態(tài)水對(duì)維持生命的環(huán)境是必要的。
根據(jù)文章第一段最后一句Where scientists find liquid water，they hope to find life as well和最后一段That mixture may create an environment that supports life，可知液態(tài)水對(duì)于生命來說必不可少，因此題干表述正確。故選A。
第3部分：概括大意與完成句子
23.E【解析】第二段主要講述過去人們?cè)詾槎栊詺怏w是完全沒有活性的。所以E選項(xiàng)How were noble gases understood in the past?“人們過去是如何理解惰性氣體的”正確。
24.D【解析】第三段主要解釋什么是惰性氣體，惰性氣體具體包含哪些氣體以及惰性氣體元素在
元素周期表的位置等。所以D選項(xiàng)What are noble gases?“什么是惰性氣體”貼合段意。
25.D【解析】第四段主要講述惰性氣體的化學(xué)性質(zhì)穩(wěn)定，是因?yàn)樽钔鈱与娮訚M足穩(wěn)定結(jié)構(gòu)。所以D選項(xiàng)What cause the low chemical reactivity of noble gases?“惰性氣體化學(xué)性質(zhì)不活躍的原因”正確。
26.F【解析】第五段第一句Because of their properties，noble gaseS have many important applica— tions就講明主旨：由于其特性惰性氣體有很多重要應(yīng)用。所以F選項(xiàng)What are the applications of no— ble gases?“惰性氣體的應(yīng)用”正確。
27.A【解析】題意：惰性氣體化學(xué)性質(zhì)不……。根據(jù)第三段第二句These properties include being monatomic，colorless，odorless，being able to conduct electricity，and having low chemical reactivity可知情性氣體化學(xué)性質(zhì)不活潑。故A選項(xiàng)“活躍的”合適。
28.B【解析】題意：在惰性氣體中，氦是……。
根據(jù)文中的第三段最后一句Helium has the lowest molecular weight while Radon is the heaviest可得知，氦氣是所有惰性氣體中最輕的。故選B。
29.D【解析】題意：惰性氣體外層電子數(shù)應(yīng)為……。根據(jù)第四段第三句Noble gases have a full outer shell，meaning that they have complete electrons in their outer shell可得知，惰性氣體外層電子數(shù)應(yīng)全滿。故選D。
30.F【解析】題意：磁共振成像(MRI)可使手術(shù)……。根據(jù)第五段最后一句MRI allows the doctor to"see"the brain，without operating on the patient可知，通過MRI，醫(yī)生可以不通過手術(shù)就看到患者頭部影像。故選F。
第4部分：閱讀理解
第一篇
31.C【解析】題意：Jigme Singye Wangchuck是誰?
根據(jù)文章第一段最后一句…a new ruler named King Jigme Singye Wangchuck decided to help Bhutan to become modern可知，Wangchuck是一位新上任的國王。故選C。
32.C【解析】題意：除了使不丹現(xiàn)代化，Wangchuck還希望為不丹做什么?
根據(jù)文章第一段最后一句…King Jigme Singye Wangchuck decided to help Bhutan to become modern，but without losing its traditions，說明Wangchuck不希望不丹丟掉其傳統(tǒng)，而第三段第三句 They are happier when they can keep their traditional culture and customs也說明Wangchuck推行的GNH(國民幸�？傊�)政策中，如果能保持傳統(tǒng)文化和風(fēng)俗則國民會(huì)更幸福。故選C。
33.A【解析】題意：一個(gè)國家進(jìn)步在GNP中體現(xiàn)為……。
根據(jù)文中第二段第三、四句The GNP measures products and money.When the number of prod— ucts sold increases，people say the country is making progress可知，GNP用商品和金錢來衡量，賣出的商品越多，國家似乎越進(jìn)步。故選A。
34.B【解析】題意：根據(jù)GNH，人民若……會(huì)更幸福。
文章第三段集中講述GNH，人們更幸福包括they have health care，education，and jobs;they live in a healthy，protected environment;they can keep their traditional culture and customs;they have a good，stable government。由此可知B項(xiàng)正確。
35.D【解析】題意：現(xiàn)在，很多國家……。
根據(jù)文章第五段第二、三句Many countries are nOW interested in Bhutan’S GNH.These countries are investigating their own ways to measure happiness可知，很多國家用自己的方式去衡量幸福。故選 D。
第二篇
36.A【解析】題意：通過這項(xiàng)研究科學(xué)家能夠做什么?
文章第一句For the first time，researchers have been able to hack into the process of learning in the brain就點(diǎn)明研究們者第一次監(jiān)測到大腦的學(xué)習(xí)過程，所以A項(xiàng)正確。根據(jù)文章第七段This worked even when test subjects were not aware of what they were learning得知實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)象沒有意識(shí)到他們學(xué)到了什么，但是這不代表他們沒有在學(xué)習(xí)，所以B項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。根據(jù)文章第二段Future therapies could decode the brain activity patterns of an athlete or a musician，and use them as a benchmark for teaching another person a new activity可知未來有可能解碼運(yùn)動(dòng)員或者音樂家們腦內(nèi)活動(dòng)的類型，而以此作為基準(zhǔn)來教別人新技能，所以C項(xiàng)說法錯(cuò)誤。根據(jù)文章第一段It’s not quite as advanced as an instant kung—fu download，可知D項(xiàng)也是錯(cuò)誤的。故本題選A。
37.D【解析】題意：一個(gè)人在視知覺學(xué)習(xí)中學(xué)習(xí)某項(xiàng)工作時(shí)，什么能幫助他做得更好?
從第三段第二句…VPL，in which repetitive training improves a person’s performance on a parti— cular task可得知，通過對(duì)成人的視知覺學(xué)習(xí)研究，重復(fù)訓(xùn)練會(huì)提高一個(gè)人某項(xiàng)工作的表現(xiàn)。A項(xiàng)tes— ting意為“測試”;B項(xiàng)encouragement意為“鼓勵(lì)”;C項(xiàng)self—assessment意為“自我評(píng)價(jià)”;D項(xiàng)意為“重復(fù)”。故選D。
38.B【解析】題意：關(guān)于實(shí)驗(yàn)參與者下列哪項(xiàng)的敘述是正確的?
A項(xiàng)意為“實(shí)驗(yàn)參與者學(xué)會(huì)了如何控制MRI機(jī)器”，文章只有第五段第一句The volunteers were a— gain placed in MRI machines出現(xiàn)MRI machines這個(gè)詞，而本句與A項(xiàng)毫不相干，所以A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。根據(jù)第五段第二、三句The participants were asked to “somehow regulate activity in the posterior part of the brain”to make a solid green disc as large as they could.They were told they would get a paid bo— nus proportional to the size of this disc，but they weren’t told anything about what the disc meant可知 B項(xiàng)“實(shí)驗(yàn)中沒有告知他們要學(xué)到什么”正確，與文中說法相符。C項(xiàng)意為“他們參加實(shí)驗(yàn)會(huì)獲得報(bào)酬”，而上文的意思是他們被告知會(huì)得到與disc大小成正比的一筆獎(jiǎng)金，bonus意為“獎(jiǎng)金”，故C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。D項(xiàng)意為“他們不配合實(shí)驗(yàn)”，與文意不符，實(shí)際上學(xué)者們很順利地完成了實(shí)驗(yàn)，所以D項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。故選B。
39.B【解析】題意：這項(xiàng)研究結(jié)果意義重大在于學(xué)習(xí)……。
根據(jù)文章第八段The most surprising thing in this study is that mere inductions of neural active-tion patterns corresponding to a specific visual feature led to visual performance improvement on the visual feature表明人們可以觀察到大腦活動(dòng)，包括學(xué)習(xí)。這也是正是此項(xiàng)研究的意義所在。故選B。A項(xiàng)與D項(xiàng)文章并未提及，故錯(cuò)誤。
40.C【解析】題意：最有可能從這項(xiàng)研究中受益的是什么人?
根據(jù)文章最后一段It can‘incept’a person to acquire new learning，skills，or memory，or possi— bly to restore skills or knowledge that has been damaged through accident，disease，Or aging，without a person’S awareness of what is learned or memorized說明此項(xiàng)技術(shù)可以攝取或重置人頭腦中的知識(shí)、技能或者記憶等。全文都在談成年人，故A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤，而B項(xiàng)和D項(xiàng)以偏概全，故錯(cuò)誤。所以本題選C。
第三篇
41.C【解析】題意：WISE的特別之處是什么?
根據(jù)文章第一段最后一句…WISE has a powerful digital camera，and it will be taking pictures of some the wildest objects in the known universe…和第二段…we’re going to be seeing parts of the uni-verse that we haven’t seen before可得知，WISE最特別之處在于其小小身材卻攜帶了很強(qiáng)大的數(shù)碼相機(jī)，而且這個(gè)相機(jī)可以拍攝到我們不曾看到過的外太空。所以C項(xiàng)正確。而A項(xiàng)和B項(xiàng)的敘述不夠全面。由第七段第一句That’s a keY idea to why WISE will be able to see things other telescopes can’t可推斷出D項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。故本題選C。
42.B【解析】題意：WISE攜帶的相機(jī)……。
根據(jù)文章第四段最后一句the WISE camera takes pictures of features that give off infrared radia-tion和第五段第三、四句When an ordinary digital camera…receives the waves of visible light that are reflected off the tree…puts the image together可得知，WISE所攜帶的相機(jī)與普通相機(jī)不同，普通相機(jī)是通過可見光的反射拍攝物體，而WISE是通過紅外輻射拍攝照片。所以B項(xiàng)正確，C項(xiàng)和D項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。對(duì)于A項(xiàng)的敘述文章并未提及。故本題選B。
43.D【解析】題意：對(duì)于紅外輻射……是正確的。
根據(jù)文章第六段第一句Waves of infrared radiation are longer than waves of visible light和最后一句Although invisible to the eye，longer infrared radiation can be detected as warmth by the skin可知，紅外輻射的光波比可見光波長，且紅外輻射是不可見的，但是能被感知。所以D項(xiàng)說法正確，而A、B、C三項(xiàng)的說法都是錯(cuò)誤的。故本題選D。
44.C【解析】題意：下列關(guān)于小行星的說法哪項(xiàng)是不正確的?
根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段第三至五句Asteroids，for example，are giant rocks that float through space— but they absorb most of the light that reaches them.They don’t reflect light，so they’re diffi— cult to see.But they do give off infrared radiation，so an infrared telescope like WISE will be able to produce images of them可得知小行星不反射光，卻發(fā)出紅外輻射。所以C項(xiàng)中小行星發(fā)射可見光的說法是錯(cuò)誤的。而A項(xiàng)、B項(xiàng)和D項(xiàng)說法正確。故本題選C。
45.A【解析】題意：從最后一段可以推斷出棕矮星……。
通過最后一段最后一句They’re so dim that they’re almost impossible to see with visible light， but in the infrared spectrum they glow可以得知，棕矮星紅外光譜可測，證明它們發(fā)射紅外輻射，所以 A項(xiàng)正確。本段第二句These objects are“failed” stars—which means they are not massive enough to jump start the same kind of reactions that power stars such as the sun明確說明棕矮星與像太陽的供能星不同，所以B項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。由本段第三句brown dwarfs simply shrink and cool down可知棕矮星并不活躍，所以C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。由本段第一句Brown dwarfs are another kind of deep—space object that will show up in WISE’S pictures可知WISE可以拍攝到棕矮星，所以D項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。故本題選A。
第5部分：補(bǔ)全短文
46.F【解析】句意：從地面上，它像是地球背上的抓痕。
本處后一句But from high above，these marks are huge images of birds，fish，seashells，all beau— tifully carved into the earth描述的是從空中看“納斯卡線”的情景，but表示轉(zhuǎn)折。而F項(xiàng)的內(nèi)容說明的是從地面上看“納斯卡線”的情景，兩句話正好形成對(duì)照，且文意非常通順，所以本題選F。
47.D【解析】句意：瑞士作家艾里希·馮·達(dá)尼肯寫道：“納斯卡線被設(shè)計(jì)作為UF0的降落地點(diǎn)。”本處后一句However，it would probably be very tricky to land a spaceship in the middle of pic— tures of dogs and monkeys有關(guān)鍵詞land a spaceship，而與D項(xiàng)內(nèi)容的landing place for UF()s形成呼應(yīng)，所以本題選D。
48.C【解析】句意：他稱納斯卡為“世界上最大的天文書”。
本處前一句In the l 940s，ah American explorer named Paul Kosok suggested that the drawings are a chronicle of the movement of the stars and planets說明Paul Kosok認(rèn)為納斯卡線是星與星球運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)的記錄，而本處后一句Later，an astronomer tested his theory with a computer講述有天文學(xué)家驗(yàn)證他的理論。本處上下文都在講Paul Kosok的觀點(diǎn)，而將C項(xiàng)內(nèi)容補(bǔ)入后，前后文意清晰，所以本題選C。
49.B【解析】句意：最大的圖塊可能曾是某些特別儀式的地點(diǎn)。
本段第一句…the lines may have been made for religious reasons說明納斯卡線可能與宗教有關(guān)系，而下一句Tony Morrison investigated…and learned that they sometimes pray by the side of the road講述Tony Morrison發(fā)現(xiàn)當(dāng)?shù)厝硕荚诼愤吰?a target="_blank" title="禱">禱的習(xí)俗，B項(xiàng)的關(guān)鍵詞ceremonies與religious rea— sons與pray呼應(yīng)，所以本題選B。
50.E【解析】句意：其他科學(xué)家如今正搜尋證據(jù)來證明這個(gè)說法。
最后一段圍繞著David Johnson和Steve Mabee兩位科學(xué)家的觀點(diǎn)展開論述，而E項(xiàng)的內(nèi)容而說明其他科學(xué)家對(duì)這二人觀點(diǎn)的態(tài)度是他們?cè)谡易C據(jù)來支持這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)。故本題選E。
第6部分：完形填空
51.D【解析】通過文章題目可知全文在講太陽能相關(guān)的應(yīng)用。第一段最后一句lead to solar power without traditional semiconductor—based solar cells，solar cells意為“太陽能電池”，根據(jù)文意此句意為：研究者們找到了制造光學(xué)……的方法，只有D項(xiàng)battery符合。optical battery意為“光學(xué)電池”，與so- lar cells相對(duì)應(yīng)。A項(xiàng)disc“圓盤，唱片，磁盤”，B項(xiàng)fiber“光纖，(織物的)質(zhì)地，纖維，纖維物質(zhì)”，C項(xiàng) instrument“儀器，手段，工具”都不合適。故本題選D。
52.B【解析】此處意為：光中有電和磁……。A項(xiàng)application“適用，運(yùn)用”;B項(xiàng)components“(機(jī)器、設(shè)備等的)構(gòu)成要素，零件，成分”，C項(xiàng)resources“資源”.D項(xiàng)differences“差別，差異”，只有B項(xiàng)符合句意。故本題選B。
53.B【解析】從下文100 million times stronger than previously expected可知這里應(yīng)該選B項(xiàng)，意‘為以前科學(xué)家們認(rèn)為磁場效應(yīng)太弱以致到了可忽略的地步。so…that…表示太……了以至于……。 A項(xiàng)concerned“涉及，關(guān)心，參與，卷入，使擔(dān)憂”，C項(xiàng)expected“期望，預(yù)料，要求，認(rèn)為(某事)會(huì)發(fā)生”， D項(xiàng)noticed“注意，通知”都不符合句意。故本題選B。
54.A【解析】根據(jù)文意及下文第五段第二句…does not conduct electricity，such as glass的提示，可知此處應(yīng)該選A項(xiàng)，conduct electricity意為“導(dǎo)電”，本句意為當(dāng)光通過不導(dǎo)電的材料時(shí)�？僧a(chǎn)生相比以前所認(rèn)為的10億倍的磁效應(yīng)。B項(xiàng)produce“生產(chǎn)，制作”，C項(xiàng)use“用，行使”，D項(xiàng)consume“消耗，耗盡”都不符合句意。故本題選A。
55.D 【解析】此句意為：在這些條件下，磁效應(yīng)產(chǎn)生的力……強(qiáng)的電效應(yīng)。A項(xiàng)reactive“反應(yīng)的，活性的”，B項(xiàng)preferable“更好的，更可取的，略勝一籌的”，C項(xiàng)due“預(yù)定，適當(dāng)?shù)�，�?yīng)有的，由于”，D項(xiàng)equivalent“相當(dāng)?shù)模葍r(jià)的”。equivalent to意為“相當(dāng)于……”。根據(jù)句意，應(yīng)該選D，其他選項(xiàng)意思都不合適。故本題選D。
56.A【解析】此句意為：太陽能電池中，……進(jìn)入材料，被吸收然后產(chǎn)生熱。全文都在講電光磁因此A項(xiàng)light正確。B項(xiàng)electricity“電力，電流”，C項(xiàng)chemical“化學(xué)物品”，D項(xiàng)gas“氣體”都不符合句意。故本題選A。
57.B【解析】此句意為：強(qiáng)磁化可以通過強(qiáng)光誘導(dǎo)產(chǎn)生，最終它可以提供電容性的……。A項(xiàng)plant“植物，設(shè)備，工廠”，B項(xiàng)source“本源，源頭”，C項(xiàng)equipment“設(shè)備，裝備”，D項(xiàng)line“線路，線條”。 power source意為“電力”，符合句意。故本題選B。
58.C【解析】此句意為：光電場能導(dǎo)致電荷分離，或者將材料中的正負(fù)電荷……。很明顯，后半句和前半句的意思相同，所以本題選C項(xiàng)apart“分散地，分開地”。其他選項(xiàng)都不合適、故本題選C。
59.C【解析】此句意為：這樣便形成一個(gè)電壓，與電池里的……類似。此處要填入一個(gè)代詞，指代前面的voltage，故本題選C。
60.A【解析】此句意為：光要射入不導(dǎo)電的……，如玻璃。很顯然玻璃是一種不導(dǎo)電的介質(zhì)，與前文through a material that does not c.onduct electricity相呼應(yīng)，所以A項(xiàng)“材料，介質(zhì)”為正確。而B項(xiàng) device“裝置，設(shè)備”，C項(xiàng)detector“探測器，檢測器”，D項(xiàng)meter“測量儀表，計(jì)量器”都不符合句意。故本題選A。
61.D【解析】此句意為：太陽光本身沒有這么……，但是正在尋找的新介質(zhì)可以在低的強(qiáng)度下運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)。intense與前面an intensity of 10 million watts per square centimeter和后面的at lower intensities相呼應(yīng)，所以本題選D項(xiàng)intense“強(qiáng)烈的”。A項(xiàng)bright“明亮的”，B項(xiàng)faint“微弱的，模糊的”，C項(xiàng)vis— ible“看得見的，明顯的”用于此處都不合適，故本題選D。.
62.B【解析】as…as…意為“同……一樣達(dá)到某種程度，與……等同”，此句意為：像太陽光的非相干光在理論上幾乎和激光一樣能夠有效地導(dǎo)致電荷分離。故本題選B。
63.B【解析】此句意為：這項(xiàng)新的……能使太陽能更低廉。A項(xiàng)skill“技能，技巧”，用于指人具有專門知識(shí)，業(yè)務(wù)精通，且經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富，B項(xiàng)technology“技術(shù)”，C項(xiàng)miracle“奇跡”，D項(xiàng)prototype“原型，雛形”，根據(jù)文意應(yīng)該為新技術(shù)，故選B。
64.A【解析】此句意為：制造太能電池，必須進(jìn)行……半導(dǎo)體加工。A項(xiàng)extensive“廣闊的，廣泛的”，B項(xiàng)interactive“互相作用的，相互影響的”，C項(xiàng)selective“精選的”，D項(xiàng)intensive“加強(qiáng)的，強(qiáng)烈的”。文中意思應(yīng)為大量的半導(dǎo)體加工，故本題選A。
65.D【解析】根據(jù)上一句可知，玻璃集合了lenses to focus the：light and a fiber to guide it兩者需求，所以此處用both。故本題選D。
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